I. The Empire Triumphant—Or So It Thought The 1990s opened with the swagger of a global victor. The Soviet Union had collapsed. China was being groomed into the global market. The Berlin Wall was rubble. And in Washington, neoliberals—both red-tied and blue-tied—declared the “end of history.” Capitalism had won. The U.S. stood unchallenged. But that... Continue Reading →

I. The Ruling Class Strikes Back By the 1980s, the white ruling class had lost its patience. After a generation of upheaval—urban rebellions, anti-war uprisings, Black liberation movements, Indigenous resurgence, Third World revolutions—U.S. imperialism launched a strategic counteroffensive. Reagan was not just a new president. He was a new regime. His administration reorganized the U.S.... Continue Reading →

I. From Black Revolution to Black Representation By the dawn of the 1970s, the U.S. settler state had waged a brutal counterinsurgency campaign against the revolutionary Black freedom struggle. The Black Panther Party was splintered, surveilled, and assaulted. The Black Liberation Army was underground. Fred Hampton was assassinated. Assata was in exile. George Jackson was... Continue Reading →

The Class Rebellion of the Colonized in the Heart of Empire I. From the Shop Floor to the Street: A Colonial Proletariat Emerges By the 1950s, a seismic shift had taken place within the U.S. working class. The descendants of enslaved Africans, once confined to the plantation and the sharecropper’s plot, had become the backbone... Continue Reading →

The empire builds a war machine abroad—and a police state at home I. War, Migration, and the Birth of a New Class World War I didn’t just redraw the borders of Europe—it transformed the racial geography of the United States. As white empires collapsed overseas, the U.S. emerged with more capital, more confidence, and a... Continue Reading →

Racial Capitalism in the Age of Empire (1877 – WWI)I. Introduction: From Reconstruction to Global EmpireWith the overthrow of Reconstruction, the U.S. ruling class didn’t just restore white supremacy at home—it expanded it abroad. The period from 1877 to World War I was defined by two simultaneous processes:The consolidation of racial capitalism within the U.S.... Continue Reading →

I. The Closest the U.S. Ever Came to Democracy For a brief moment after the Civil War, the United States stood at a crossroads. The old order—where enslaved labor fueled the plantation economy—was dead, but the new one had yet to be written. For the first time in U.S. history, Black people—formerly enslaved and free—were... Continue Reading →